The effect of interpersonal relationships on burnout síndrome in secondary eduation teachers / El efecto de las relaciones interpersonales en el síndrome de burnout del profesorado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria

Background: Recent studies show that teachers, especially in Secondary Education present varying levels of burnout syndrome. This problem could be caused by internal factors unique to the subject (psychological characteristics) or external factors (overwork, social climate, etc.). Method: The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of interpersonal relationships on the development of burnout in a sample of 794 secondary education teachers from the Community of Madrid, applying structural equation modeling methodology. Results: it was observed that the teacher-student relationship has a significant effect on each of the three dimensions of the syndrome (exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficacy), and the teacher-superiors and teacher-coworker relationships show a moderate effect on these dimensions. Conclusions: The results show the importance of taking care of interpersonal relationships in schools to ensure the well-being of teachers and, ultimately, the quality of the learning process (AU)

Antecedentes: estudios recientes muestran que el profesorado, especialmente el de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, presenta niveles variables del síndrome de burnout. Esta problemática puede estar originada en factores internos al sujeto (características psicológicas) o externos (exceso de trabajo, clima social, etc.). Método: este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia de las relaciones interpersonales en el desarrollo del burnout en una muestra de 794 profesores de ESO de la Comunidad de Madrid, mediante la aplicación de la metodología de Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales. Resultados: se observó que la Relación Profesor-Alumnos es la que tiene un efecto significativo en cada una de las tres dimensiones del síndrome (Agotamiento, Despersonalización y Realización), si bien las relaciones Profesor-Superiores y Profesor-Compañeros muestran un efecto moderado sobre ellas. Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos muestran la importancia de cuidar las relaciones interpersonales en el centro para asegurar el bienestar del profesorado y, en última instancia, la calidad del proceso de aprendizaje (AU)

Resultados iniciales de la esofaguectomía robótica en el cáncer de esófago / Initial results of robotic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer

INTRODUCCIÓN: La experiencia con la esofaguectomía robótica en el cáncer de esófago y de la unión esofagogástrica es limitada. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar nuestra experiencia actual. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo, de vigilancia observacional, de las primeras 32 esofaguectomías mínimamente invasivas por cáncer con toracoscopia robótica entre septiembre de 2011 y junio de 2014. La plastia gástrica se realizó por vía laparoscópica. La toracoscopia robótica se llevó a cabo con el paciente en decúbito prono y la anastomosis intratorácica, siempre de forma manual. Se evaluaron las siguientes variables: características clínicas y patológicas, técnica quirúrgica, resultados a corto plazo (morbimortalidad) y resultados oncológicos (radicalidad y ganglios extirpados). RESULTADOS: A 32 pacientes con una edad media de 58 años (rango 34-74) se les realizó una esofaguectomía mínimamente invasiva en su totalidad: laparoscopia y toracoscopia robótica (11 McKeown y 21 Ivor Lewis). En 29 casos se administró quimiorradioterapia neoadyuvante. No hubo conversiones a cirugía abierta. El tiempo medio de consola fue 218 min (rango 190-285) y la pérdida de sangre fue de 170 ml (rango 40-255). Un paciente falleció por causa cardiológica y 9 presentaron complicaciones mayores (grado II o más de Dindo-Clavien). No hubo complicaciones respiratorias ni parálisis recurrencial. Hubo 5 fístulas intratorácicas, 4 radiológicas y una clínica, 3 quilotórax, 2 fístulas cervicales y una necrosis de la plastia. La mediana de la estancia hospitalaria fue 12 días (rango 8-50). Todas las resecciones fueron R0 y se extirparon una mediana de 16 (rango 2-23) ganglios linfáticos. CONCLUSIONES: Nuestros resultados indican inicialmente que la esofaguectomía mínimamente invasiva con toracoscopia robótica es segura y respeta los principios oncológicos

INTRODUCTION: There is scant experience with robot-assisted esophagectomy in cases of esophageal and gastro-esophageal junction cancer. Our aim is to report our current experience. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Observational cohort study of the first 32 patients who underwent minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer from September 2011 to June 2014. The gastric tube was created laparoscopically. In the thoracic field, a robot-assisted thoracoscopic approach was performed in the prone position with intrathoracic robotic hand-sewn anastomosis. Patient and tumour characteristics, surgical technique, short-term outcomes (morbidity and mortality) and oncological results (radicality and number of removed nodes) were evaluated. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients, with a mean age of 58 years (34-74) were treated by a totally minimally invasive esophagectomy: robotic laparoscopy and thoracoscopy (11 McKeown and 21 Ivor-Lewis). Twenty-nine received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. There were no conversions to open surgery. Console time was 218 minutes (190-285). Blood loss was 170 ml (40-255). One patient died from cardiac disease. Nine patients had a major complication (Dindo-Clavien grade II or higher). There was no case of respiratory complication or recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. Five patients had intrathoracic fistula, 4 radiological and one clinical. Three had chylothorax, 2 cervical fistula and one gastric tube necrosis. The median hospital stay was 12 days (8-50). All the resections were R0 and the median of removed lymph nodes was 16 (2-23). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that minimally invasive esophagectomy with robot-assisted thoracoscopy is safe and achieves oncological standards

[Initial results of robotic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer]. / Resultados iniciales de la esofaguectomía robótica en el cáncer de esófago.

INTRODUCTION: There is scant experience with robot-assisted esophagectomy in cases of esophageal and gastro-esophageal junction cancer. Our aim is to report our current experience. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Observational cohort study of the first 32 patients who underwent minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer from September 2011 to June 2014. The gastric tube was created laparoscopically. In the thoracic field, a robot-assisted thoracoscopic approach was performed in the prone position with intrathoracic robotic hand-sewn anastomosis. Patient and tumour characteristics, surgical technique, short-term outcomes (morbidity and mortality) and oncological results (radicality and number of removed nodes) were evaluated. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients, with a mean age of 58 years (34-74) were treated by a totally minimally invasive esophagectomy: robotic laparoscopy and thoracoscopy (11 McKeown and 21 Ivor-Lewis). Twenty-nine received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. There were no conversions to open surgery. Console time was 218minutes (190-285). Blood loss was 170ml (40-255). One patient died from cardiac disease. Nine patients had a major complication (Dindo-Clavien grade II or higher). There was no case of respiratory complication or recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. Five patients had intrathoracic fistula, 4 radiological and one clinical. Three had chylothorax, 2 cervical fistula and one gastric tube necrosis. The median hospital stay was 12 days (8-50). All the resections were R0 and the median of removed lymph nodes was 16 (2-23). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that minimally invasive esophagectomy with robot-assisted thoracoscopy is safe and achieves oncological standards.

Development and validation of a measuring instrument for burnout syndrome in teachers

This paper is part of a research done on Burnout Syndrome, and its objective is to develop and validate an instrument for measuring the syndrome in Secondary School teachers, taking as a principal starting point Maslach, Schaufeli, and Leiter's theory (2001). After developing and testing the instrument on a sample of 794 teachers in the Community of Madrid (Spain), we analyzed the reliability, content and construct validity (the latter by means of Structural Equations Models implemented with Software AMOS 7.0). The reliability analysis (α = .911 for the total instrument; .849, .899 and .674 for the dimensions of Exhaustion, Reduced Personal Accomplishment and Depersonalization respectively) and the Confirmatory Factorial Analysis (CMIN/DF = 4.163, CFI = .904, RMSEA = .60, PRATIO = .874) showed highly satisfactory results. The discrimination coefficient scores for items in the final instrument ranged between .22 and .74. Thus, the instrument presented combines the necessary technical characteristics for it to be considered a valid and reliable tool for measuring the syndrome (AU)

El presente estudio forma parte de una investigación sobre el síndrome de Burnout y su objetivo, en este caso, es elaborar y validar un instrumento de medida del síndrome en profesores de Secundaria partiendo, principalmente, de la teoría de Maslach, Schaufeli, y Leiter (2001). Tras la elaboración y aplicación del instrumento a una muestra de 794 docentes de la Comunidad de Madrid, se analizó la fiabilidad, la validez de contenido y de constructo (ésta última a través de Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales con la aplicación informática AMOS 7.0). Los resultados obtenidos en el análisis de fiabilidad (α = .911 para la totalidad del instrumento, .849, .899 y .674 para las dimensiones de Agotamiento, Baja Realización y Despersonalización respectivamente) y en el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio fueron altamente satisfactorios (CMIN/DF = 4.163, CFI = .904, RMSEA = .06, PRATIO = .874). Los valores del coeficiente de discriminación de los ítems del instrumento final oscilaron entre .22 y .74. Por todo ello, el instrumento presentado reúne las características técnicas exigidas para ser considerada una herramienta válida y fiable para medir el síndrome (AU)